Volatile organic compound (VOC) detection in the exhaled air has a potential for gastric cancer screening. Questions of the VOC origin and their biological relevance still require to be answered.
Serum pepsinogen (Pg) I and the ratio between PgI and PgII (PgI/PgII) are related to the histological and functional status of the gastric mucosa. Low serum PgI and PgI/PgII values are biomarkers for atrophic gastritis.
Latin America was affected by several human migratory waves during the colonisation period. Humans arrived at the continent with a new subset of Helicobacter pylori, which replaced the native species.
In the human gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori activates mechanisms that induce the preferential differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg). Treg cells are CD4+, CD25+, and FOXP3+; have suppressive activity of inflammation and facilitate the immune escape of tumor cells.
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cause of cancer death worldwide with approximately one million cases diagnosed annually.
The persistent infection of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and the resulting chronic inflammation are a risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis.
